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如何为您的工业自动化应用找到理想的传感器

作者:Ryan Sheahen时间:2021-03-24来源:《电子产品采购》收藏

Analog and digital sensors deliver long-term stability,precision and reliability.

本文引用地址:http://www.eepw.com.cn/article/202103/423854.htm

模拟和数字传感器具有长期的稳定性,精度和可靠性。

  Motion control and industrial automation systems create numerous challenges for design engineers.For example,they must contend with the excessive dirt and dust found in factory settings.In addition,conveyors and pick-and-place systems can exhibit high vibration or spikes in shock force that threaten the stability of the circuit’s sensors.The magnetic sensing system selected must provide exceptional durability to ensure the long-term accuracy and reliability within the application.

  运动控制和系统为设计工程师带来了众多挑战。例如,他们必须与工厂设置中发现的过多污垢和灰尘作斗争。此外,传送带和取放系统可能会出现高振动或冲击力峰值,从而威胁到电路传感器的稳定性。所选的磁传感系统必须具有出色的耐用性,以确保应用范围内的长期准确性和可靠性。

  During project planning,the design engineer should conduct a thorough review of the industrial application’s environmental,mechanical,electrical and magnetic parameters.The engineer should analyze the industrial application’s full magnetic circuit—including the sensor and the magnetic actuator.With all key factors in mind,the engineer may recommend a robust custom sensor to meet the industrial automation system’s unique requirements.

  在项目规划期间,设计工程师应对工业应用的环境,机械,电气和磁参数进行彻底的审查。工程师应分析工业应用的全磁路-包括传感器和磁致动器。考虑到所有关键因素,工程师可能会建议使用功能强大的定制传感器,以满足系统的独特要求。

  This article will discuss how to choose highly accurate and reliable sensors for industrial automation applications.After defining and describing the benefits of several analog and digital sensors,it will provide examples of industrial applications that utilize these devices.

  本文将讨论如何为应用选择高度准确和可靠的传感器。在定义和描述了几种模拟和数字传感器的优点之后,它将提供利用这些器件的工业应用的示例。

Analog Rotary and Linear Hall Effect Sensors Provide Stability and Precision

模拟旋转和线性霍尔效应传感器提供稳定性和精度

  Analog sensors allow the end user to get instantaneous feedback on the magnet’s position in an industrial automation system.In the past,analog Hall effect sensors measured the flux density of the magnets and were greatly influenced by the temperature value of the application.Recent advancements in analog Hall effect technology allow the Hall effect chip to measure the angle of the flux field instead of the traditional amplitude,making it much less sensitive to temperature changes.Hall effect sensors now deliver a very stable analog output across a large temperature range.

  模拟传感器允许最终用户获得有关工业自动化系统中磁体位置的即时反馈。过去,模拟霍尔效应传感器测量磁体的磁通密度,并且受应用温度值的影响很大。模拟霍尔效应技术的最新进展使霍尔效应芯片能够测量通量场的角度,而不是传统的幅度,从而使其对温度变化的敏感性大大降低。现在,霍尔效应传感器可在很大的温度范围内提供非常稳定的模拟输出。

The following Hall effect sensors are ideal for custom analog sensing applications:

以下霍尔效应传感器非常适合定制模拟传感应用:

  Rotary Hall Effect Sensor Without using any moving parts,this semiconductor-based sensor combines a Hall effect sensing element with circuitry to provide an analog output signal that corresponds to the change in the rotating magnetic field.A rotary Hall effect sensor offers two output options:analog or pulse-width modulation(PWM).The device is programmable so that the engineer can associate a specific output voltage or PWM to a precise degree of rotation.

  旋转霍尔效应传感器不使用任何运动部件,这种基于半导体的传感器将霍尔效应传感元件与电路相结合,以提供与旋转磁场变化相对应的模拟输出信号。旋转霍尔效应传感器提供两个输出选项:模拟或脉冲宽度调制(PWM)。该器件是可编程的,因此工程师可以将特定的输出电压或PWM与精确的旋转度相关联。

  Multiple programming points are available up to 360 degrees of rotation.Each programming point represents a voltage or PWM output value that corresponds to a given angle of the magnetic field.This results in a high-accuracy,high-resolution ratiometric output signal relative to the degree of rotation.

  多个编程点最多可旋转360度。每个编程点代表与给定磁场角度相对应的电压或PWM输出值。这就产生了相对于旋转度的高精度、高分辨率的比率测量输出信号。

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Linear Hall Effect Sensor

线性霍尔效应传感器

  The linear Hall effect sensor measures the linear movement of a magnetic field rather than the rotation.This sensor is programmable for a set output voltage that is ratiometric for a given travel distance.(Its output options are the same as the rotary Hall effect sensor.)The sensor measures the linear movement and relative flux angle of a magnetic actuator up to 30 mm of travel distance with a single Hall effect chip.This results in a ratiometric output signal relative to the precise movement of the sensor.

  线性霍尔效应传感器测量磁场的线性运动,而不是旋转。该传感器可针对设定的输出电压进行编程,该输出电压对于给定的行进距离是成比例的。(其输出选项与旋转式霍尔效应传感器相同。)该传感器使用单个霍尔效应芯片可测量磁致动器的线性运动和相对磁通角,最大行程为30 mm。这导致相对于传感器精确运动的比例输出信号。

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Reed and Hall Effect Deliver High-Reliability Digital Sensing

簧片和霍尔效应提供高可靠性的数字传感

  Industrial automation customers who want to verify that an object such as an elevator door is in its proper position prefer digital output.The following digital sensors deliver outstanding reliability in custom magnetic sensing applications:

  工业自动化用户如果想验证某个对象(如电梯门)是否处于正确位置,则更喜欢数字输出。以下数字传感器在定制磁感应应用中提供卓越的可靠性:

Reed Switch

簧片开关

  A reed switch has contacts that are hermetically sealed within a glass tube with precious metal contact material.This electrical switch does not require any power to operate.

  簧片开关的触点采用贵金属触点材料密封在玻璃管内。该电气开关不需要任何电源即可操作。

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Digital Hall Effect Sensor

数字霍尔效应传感器

  These sensors combine a Hall effect sensing element with circuitry to provide a digital on/off output signal that corresponds to a change in the magnetic field without using any moving parts.The Hall effect device’s active circuitry draws a small amount of current at all times.

  这些传感器将霍尔效应传感元件与电路相结合,以提供与磁场变化相对应的数字开/关输出信号,而无需使用任何移动部件。霍尔效应器件的有源电路始终会吸收少量电流。

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Conclusion

结论

  Environmental hazards are abundant in industrial automation and motion control environments.Designing a magnetic circuit that incorporates a robust magnetic sensor is the key to delivering a precise,reliable industrial automation solution.For some industrial applications,a custom magnetic sensor may be needed for long-term reliability.Reed switches and Hall effect sensors are perfect for digital applications that require exceptional reliability such as elevator door closure detection systems.Rotary and linear Hall effect sensors enhance the stability and precision of custom analog applications such as fluid flow and automatic pick-and-place systems.

  工业自动化和运动控制环境中存在着大量的环境危害。设计一个集成了强大磁传感器的磁路是提供精确、可靠的工业自动化解决方案的关键。对于某些工业应用,可能需要一个定制的磁传感器来实现长期的可靠性。簧片开关和霍尔效应传感器非常适合需要特殊可靠性的数字应用,如电梯门关闭检测系统。旋转和线性霍尔效应传感器增强了自定义模拟应用(如流体流动和自动取放系统)的稳定性和精度。



关键词: 工业自动化

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