By Toradex胡珊逢

在嵌入式领域中 Qt 作为普遍选择的 UI 方案目前已经发布 Qt6 版本。本文将介绍如何为 Toradex 的计算机模块使用  Yocto Project 将 Qt6 集成到镜像里。

首先根据这里的说明，准备好 Yocto Project 的编译环境。这里我们选择 Toradex 最新的 Linux BSP V6 为例，其基于 kirkstone 分支，这也是一个 LTS 版本。

进入 layers 目录，使用下面命令下载 Qt6.4.3 版本的 meta-qt6 文件。

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git clone -b 6.4.3 git://code.qt.io/yocto/meta-qt6.git

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在 meta-qt6/classes/ 目录下创建 populate_sdk_qt6.bbclass 文件。

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SUMMARY = "Meta package for building an installable Qt6 toolchain and SDK"

inherit populate_sdk populate_sdk_qt6_base

TOOLCHAIN_HOST_TASK:append = " nativesdk-packagegroup-qt6-toolchain-host"
TOOLCHAIN_TARGET_TASK:append = " packagegroup-qt6-modules"

FEATURE_PACKAGES_qtcreator-debug = "packagegroup-qt6-qtcreator-debug"

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在 meta-qt6/recipes-qt/packagegroups/ 目录下创建  packagegroup-qt6-qtcreator-debug.bb 文件。

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SUMMARY = "Remote debugging tools for QtCreator integration"
LICENSE = "MIT"

inherit packagegroup

# Override by distro if needed
VIRTUAL-RUNTIME_qtcreator-debug-ssh-daemon ?= "openssh-sshd"

RDEPENDS:${PN} = " \
    gdbserver \
    ${VIRTUAL-RUNTIME_qtcreator-debug-ssh-daemon} \
    openssh-sftp-server \
    qtdeclarative \
"

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在 meta-toradex-demos/recipes-images/images/ 目录下创建  packagegroup-tdx-qt6.bb 文件。

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SUMMARY = "Packagegroup which provides most QT6 libraries and a QT6 demo"

PACKAGE_ARCH = "${MACHINE_ARCH}"

inherit packagegroup

PROVIDES = "${PACKAGES}"
PACKAGES += " \
    ${PN}-fonts \
    ${PN}-libs \
"

RRECOMMENDS:${PN} = " \
    ${PN}-fonts \
    ${PN}-libs \
"

SUMMARY:${PN}-fonts = "Some fonts useful for QT5"
RRECOMMENDS:${PN}-fonts = " \
    ttf-dejavu-common \
    ttf-dejavu-sans \
    ttf-dejavu-sans-mono \
    ttf-dejavu-serif \
"

SUMMARY:${PN}-libs = "QT5 libraries"
RRECOMMENDS:${PN}-libs = " \
    qt3d \
    qtbase \
    qtcharts \
    qtcoap \
    qtconnectivity \
    qtdatavis3d \
    qtdeclarative \
    qtimageformats \
    qtlottie \
    qtmqtt \
    qtmultimedia \
    qtnetworkauth \
    qtopcua \
    qtquick3d \
    qtquicktimeline \
    qtremoteobjects \
    qtscxml \
    qtsensors \
    qtserialbus \
    qtserialport \
    qtsvg \
    qttools \
    qttranslations \
    qtvirtualkeyboard \
    ${@bb.utils.contains('DISTRO_FEATURES', 'wayland', 'qtwayland', '', d)} \
    qtwebchannel \
    qtwebsockets \
"

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在 meta-toradex-demos/recipes-images/images/ 目录下创建  tdx-reference-multimedia-qt6-image.bb 文件。

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require tdx-reference-minimal-image.bb

SUMMARY = "Toradex Embedded Linux Reference Multimedia Image"
DESCRIPTION = "Image for BSP verification with QT and multimedia features"

inherit populate_sdk_qt6

#Prefix to the resulting deployable tarball name
export IMAGE_BASENAME = "Reference-Multimedia-Image"

IMAGE_FEATURES += " \
    ${@bb.utils.contains('DISTRO_FEATURES', 'wayland', 'weston', \
       bb.utils.contains('DISTRO_FEATURES', 'x11', 'x11-base', '', d), d)} \
"

IMAGE_INSTALL += " \
    packagegroup-tdx-cli \
    packagegroup-tdx-graphical \
    packagegroup-tdx-qt6 \
    packagegroup-fsl-isp \
    \
    bash \
    coreutils \
    less \
    makedevs \
    mime-support \
    net-tools \
    util-linux \
    v4l-utils \
    \
    gpicview \
    media-files \
"

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在 build/conf/bblayers.conf 将 meta-qt6 添加进来，并移除原来的 meta-qt5。

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# LAYER_CONF_VERSION is increased each time build/conf/bblayers.conf
# changes incompatibly
LCONF_VERSION = "7"

BBPATH = "${TOPDIR}"
BBFILES ?= ""

BBLAYERS ?= " \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-toradex-nxp \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-freescale \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-freescale-3rdparty \
  \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-toradex-bsp-common \
  \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-openembedded/meta-oe \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-openembedded/meta-filesystems \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-openembedded/meta-gnome \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-openembedded/meta-xfce \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-openembedded/meta-networking \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-openembedded/meta-multimedia \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-openembedded/meta-python \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-freescale-distro \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-toradex-demos \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-qt5 \
  \
  \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-toradex-distro \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-yocto/meta-poky \
  ${TOPDIR}/../layers/openembedded-core/meta \
"
#${TOPDIR}/../layers/meta-qt5

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build/conf/local.conf 添加下面两个配比，移除 X11 和 directfb 相关配置。

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DISTRO_FEATURES:remove = " directfb x11"
IMAGE_INSTALL:remove = " gpicview"

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最后使用 bitbake 命令即可编译包含 Qt6 的镜像和 SDK。

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