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电子词汇表六

发布人：beibeidong 时间：2008-04-30 来源：工程师

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Host（主机）

A general-purpose computer that communicates with the target via a serial port or network connection. This term is usually used to distinguish the computer on which the debugger is running from the embedded system that is being developed. 一台通用计算机，它通过串口或网络连接与目标机通讯。这处名词一般用来区别调试程序运行的计算机和被开发的嵌入式系统。

I ICE In-Circuit Emulator. See emulator. 在线仿真器。查阅仿真器。

I/O（输入/输出）

Input/Output. The interface between a processor and the world around it. The simplest examples are switches (inputs) and LEDs (outputs). 输入/输出。处理器与外界的交互界面。最简单的例子是开关（输入）和发光二级管（输出）。

I/O device（IO设备）

A piece of hardware that interfaces between the processor and the outside world. Common examples are switches and LEDs, serial ports, and network controllers. 一种介于处理器和外界之间的硬件设备。一般的实例是开关、LED、串口和网络控制器。

I/O map（I/O映射）

A table or diagram containing the name and address range of each peripheral addressable by the processor within the I/O space. I/O maps are a helpful aid in getting to know the target. 一张包含每个外设的名字和地址的表格或图表，可由处理器在I/O空间中设定地址。I/O映射对得知目标机情况非常有利。

I/O space（I/O空间）

A special memory region provided by some processors and generally reserved for the attachment of I/O devices. Memory locations and registers within an I/O space can be accessed only via special instructions. For example, processors in the 80x86 family have special I/O space instructions called in and out. Contrast with memory space. 一个由处理器提供的特殊内存区域，一般为为I/O设备的附件保留。在I/O空间的内存位置和寄存器只能通过特殊的指定进行访问。例如：80X86家族的处理器有叫做in / out的特殊的I/O空间指令。相对内存空间而言。

ISR（中断服务程序）

See interrupt service routine. instruction pointer（指令指针） A register in the processor that contains the address of the next instruction to be executed. Also known as a program counter. 包含下一条要执行指令地址的处理器中的寄存器。也叫程序计数器。

Interrupt（中断）

An asynchronous electrical signal from a peripheral to the processor. When the peripheral asserts this signal, we say that an interrupt occurs. When an interrupt occurs, the current state of the processor is saved and an interrupt service routine is executed. When the interrupt service routine exits, control of the processor is returned to whatever part of the software was previously running. 一个从外设到处理器的异步电信号。当外设发出这个信号，我们说一个中断发生。当一个中断发生，当前的处理器状态被保存并且中断服务程序开始运行。当中断服务程序退出，对处理器的控制权转到先前运行的那个软件上。

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